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   ±è¼®¿ø (½Ã°¢¿¹¼úÆò·Ð, Ph.D)

“³ªÀÇ °³ÀÎÀû °ü½ÉÀº »ý°¢À̳ª °ÉÀ½, µ¹, ¿©Çà, ¹°, ½Ã°£ µéÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© ¿¹¼úÀ» ½Ã°¢ÀûÀÎ µ¿½Ã¿¡ ºñ½Ã°¢ÀûÀÎ ±× ¹«¾ùÀ¸·Î ¸¸µêÀ¸·Î½á ¿¹¼ú°ú ÀÚ¿¬ÀÇ ´õ¿í ¸í»óÀûÀÎ ºñÀüÀ» ³º´Â µ¥ ÀÖ´Ù”  - ¸®Ã³µå ·Õ


¹°Áú ³Ê¸ÓÀÇ ¼¼°è¿Í Á¶ÀÀÇÏ´Ù

¾î¿øÀûÀ¸·Î ÀÚ¿¬ (natura)Àº ±×¸®½º¾î¿Í ¶óƾ¾î¿¡¼­ ±â¿ø ȤÀº ź»ýÀ̶ó´Â °ü³ä(idea)°ú °ü·ÃÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ´Ù¸¥ Ãø¸é¿¡¼­ ÀÚ¿¬Àº Àΰ£¿¡ ÀÇÇØ Á¦ÀÛµÇÁö ¾ÊÀº ¸ðµç °ÍÀ» ÀǹÌÇϱ⿡ ¹®¸í°ú´Â ¹Ý´ëÀÇ Àǹ̷ΠÀÌÇصDZ⵵ ÇÑ´Ù. ¿µ±¹ÀÇ ´ëÁö ¿¹¼ú°¡ÀÎ ¸®Ã³µå ·Õ(Richard Long)
Àº ÀÚ¿¬¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Àΰ£ÀÇ °³ÀÔÀ» ÃÖ¼ÒÈ­Çؼ­ ÀÚ¿¬ÀÌ Àΰ£¿¡°Ô ¼ÒÀ¯µÇ´Â ´ë»óÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó Àΰ£ÀÌ °ÅÃÄ °¡´Â Àå¼Ò¶ó´Â »ç½ÇÀ» Àϱú¿ö ÁØ´Ù.

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ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ÇàÀ§¸¦ ÅëÇؼ­ Àΰ£ÀÇ ¿¹¼úÇàÀ§´Â ¹«¾ùÀΰ¡¸¦ Á¦ÀÛÇÑ´Ù´Â Àǹ̺¸´Ù´Â ÀÚ¿¬°ú ¼¼°è¿¡¼­ Á¸ÀçÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ¾î¶² Àǹ̰¡ ÀÖ´ÂÁö ¸í»óÇÏ´Â °Í, ´ë»ó°ú ÀÏü°¨À» ´À³¢°í ‘Á¶ÀÀ(correspondence)’ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î »ý°¢ÇÑ´Ù.

´ë»óÀº »çÁøÀÛ°¡ÀÇ Á¤½ÅÀû ¼¼°è¿Í ¼ÒÅëÇÏ´Â ¸Å°³Ã¼·Î ÀÛ¿ëÇÑ´Ù. ÀÚ¿¬ÀÇ Áú¼­¿¡ Á¸ÀçÇÏ´Â ¸ðµç ´ë»óÀº »ó¡ÀûÀÎ ¹æ½ÄÀ¸·Î ÀÛ°¡¿¡°Ô Àü´ÞÇÑ´Ù.  À̶§ ¹ß»ýÇÏ´Â »ó¡Àû ¹æ½ÄÀÇ ¼ÒÅëÀº ÀϹæÀûÀÎ °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï°í ÀÛ°¡ÀÇ ¸¶À½ÀÌ ¿ÜºÎÀÇ ´ë»óµé°ú Á¶ÀÀÇϸ鼭 °ø°¨À» ȹµæÇÑ´Ù. ½É¸®ÇÐÀûÀ¸·Î ¼³¸íÇÏ¸é ³»¸éÀÇ ‘Åõ»ç(projection)’·Î ¼³¸íÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÁö¸¸, ¿©±â¿¡¼­´Â ³»¸é¿¡¼­ ¿Ü¸éÀ¸·ÎÀÇ ÀϹæÀûÀÎ Çö»óÀ¸·Î ¸ô°í °¡±â ¶§¹®¿¡ »ó¡Àû ¼ÒÅëÀ¸·Î ¼³¸íÇϱ⿡´Â ºÎÁ·ÇÑ ºÎºÐÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.

Ä® À¶(Carl Gustav Jung)ÀÇ °æ¿ì Àΰ£ÀÇ ¸¶À½ÀÌ ¹«ÀǽÄÀûÀ¸·Î Á¶ÀÀÇÏ´Â Çö»óÀ» ‘µ¿½Ã¼ºÀÇ ¿ø¸®’·Î ¼³¸íÇÑ´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¸é ¾îÁ¦ ³ªºñ¸¦ º» ²ÞÀ» ²Ù¾ú´Âµ¥ ±× ´ÙÀ½ ³¯ Çö½Ç¿¡¼­ ³ªºñ°¡ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¾Õ¿¡¼­ ³¯¾Æ°¡´Â ¸ð½ÀÀ» º»´Ù°Å³ª, ÁÁ¾ÆÇÏ´Â ³ë·¡¸¦ ¿Â Á¾ÀÏ ºÎ¸£°í ÀÖ´Ù°¡
¿ÀÈÄ¿¡ ¾à¼ÓÀå¼Ò¿¡¼­ Ä£±¸¸¦ ¸¸³µ´Âµ¥ ±× Ä£±¸°¡ ¶È°°Àº ³ë·¡¸¦ ºÎ¸£´Â Çö»óÀ» ¸»ÇÑ´Ù.

ÀÌó·³ ¹«ÀǽÄÀÇ ¼¼°è¿¡¼­´Â ÀÚ¾ÆÀÇ °æ°è°¡ ¸ðÈ£ÇÏ°í ÀǽÄÀÇ ¼¼°è¿Í ¼ÒÅëÀ» ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ³í¸®¸¦ ¹Ð°í °¡¸é ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¸¶À½¼Ó¿¡ ÀÖ¾ú´ø ¾î¶² »óÅ´ ¿ÜºÎ¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ´ë»ó¿¡ ±×´ë·Î ¹Ý¿µµÈ´Ù.

»çÁøÀÛ°¡°¡ ÀÚ¿¬ÀÇ ¸ð½ÀÀ» ¹Ù¶óº¸°í »çÁøÀ» Âï´Â ÇàÀ§´Â ´ë»óÀÇ ¹°ÁúÀûÀÎ ¼¼°è¸¦ ´Ü¼øÇÏ°Ô º¹Á¦ÇÏ´Â ÇàÀ§°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ¹°ÁúÀûÀÎ ¼¼°è¸¦ ÅëÇؼ­ ¹°Áú ³Ê¸Ó¿¡ ÀÖ´Â °Í°ú Á¶ÀÀÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÀÛ°¡ÀÇ »çÁø¿¡¼­ ¿¹¸¦ µé¾î ¼³¸íÇϸé, ±×³à°¡ ÃÔ¿µÇÑ ¹Ù´å°¡ÀÇ ¹°Àº ´Ü¼øÇÏ°Ô H2O·Î ¼³¸íÇÏ¸é ¾È µÈ´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº È帣´Â ¹°, °íÀÎ ¹°, ±ú²ýÇÑ ¹°, ¾Æ¿ì¼ºÄ¡´Â ¹°, ÀÜÀÜÇÑ ¹°ÀÌ´Ù. ±×³à´Â ¹°À» ¸¸³¯ ¶§ »ó»óÀûÀÎ Á÷°üÀ» ÅëÇؼ­ Áö°¢ÇÑ´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº µÎ·Á¿ò°ú ÆòÈ­¸¦ ´À³¢°Ô Çϱ⵵ ÇÑ´Ù.

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¿ÀÀ±°æÀÇ <±×ÇØ ¿©¸§> ½Ã¸®Áî´Â °³ÀÎÀûÀΠüÇèÀ» ¹ÙÅÁÀ¸·Î Æĵµ°¡ Ä¡´Â dz°æ, ³ª¹«¸¦ ¼ÒÀç·Î Ȳ·®ÇÑ ½Ã°£ÀÇ È帧À» ´ë»ó¿¡ ‘Á¶ÀÀ’ÇÏ·Á´Â ½Ãµµ°¡ ¿³º¸À̸ç, ½ÇÁ¦·Î´Â Á¸ÀçÇÏ°í ÀÖÁö¸¸, Çö½ÇÀ» ¹þ¾î³ª·Á°í ¾Ö¸¦ ¾´´Ù. ÀÌ·± Çö»óÀº ¾óÇÍ »çÁøÀÌ Çö½Ç¼ºÀ» ¹þ¾î³ª Àֱ⿡ ÃÊÇö½ÇÁÖÀÇ(surrealism)¸¦ ÁöÇâÇÑ °Íó·³ º¸ÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ¿ÀÀ±°æÀÇ »çÁøÀÌ Çö½ÇÀ» ¹þ¾î³­ Çö½ÇÀÌÁö¸¸ °á±¹Àº Çö½ÇÀ» ±â¹ÝÀ¸·Î ÇÑ´Ù´Â Á¡, À̹ÌÁö¸¦ °¡°øÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀº ô °¡°øÇÑ °Í °°Àº ¹æ½ÄÀ» »ç¿ëÇß´Ù´Â Á¡¿¡¼­ ÃÊÇö½ÇÁÖÀÇ¿Í´Â Â÷º°¼ºÀ» Áö´Ï°í ÀÖ´Ù.

ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ½Ã°¢Àº ¹Ù´Ù dz°æ »çÁø¿¡¼­µµ ¿³º¸À̴µ¥ ±×°ÍÀº Çϴðú ¹Ù´ÙÀÇ °æ°è°¡ ºÒºÐ¸íÇÏ°Ô Ç¥ÇöµÇ¾î¼­ °Å²Ù·Î »çÁøÀ» ¹Ù¶óº¸¾Æµµ »çÁø¿¡¼­ ¾î¶² ¾ê±ê°Å¸®¸¦ Àü´ÞÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. 
     
ÀÛ°¡ÀÇ ³»¸é¿¡¼­ ¹ß»ýÇÑ º¹ÀâÇÑ °¨Á¤µéÀº ³Ã·©ÇÏ°í °­·ÄÇÑ Èæ¹é ÅæÀ¸·Î »çÁø¿¡ ¿Å°ÜÁø´Ù. °¨Á¤ÀÇ ÆÄÀåÀ¸·Î º¸ÀÌ´Â ÆĵµÀÇ Ç¥ÇöÀ» ÅëÇØ ÀھƸ¦ ã¾Æ°¡´Â ¿©Á¤ÀÌ ¿³º¸À̴µ¥, ÀÛÇ°¿¡ ÀçÇöµÇ´Â °ÍÀº ÀÚ¿¬, ±¸¸§, ³ª¹«¿Í °°Àº »ý¸íÀÇ À̹ÌÁöµéÀÌ´Ù.

±×°ÍÀº ÁÖ¾îÁø »îÀ» »ì¾Æ°¡¸é¼­ ¸¶À½¼Ó ±íÀº °÷¿¡¼­ºÎÅÍ ¿Ã¶ó¿À´Â ÀڽŰú »î¿¡ ´ëÇÑ »ý¸íÀÇ À̹ÌÁö·Î ÆľǵȴÙ. ƯÈ÷ ¹Ù´å°¡¿¡¼­ ¹Ð¹° ½Ã±â¿¡ ÃÔ¿µÇÑ ¼Ò¶ó, ´ÞÆØÀÌ, ÁøÁÖÁ¶°³, ²É°ÔÀÇ »çÁøÀº ¿Ü·Ó°í ¾µ¾µÇÏÁö¸¸ ³»¸éÀÇ ¸ð½ÀÀ» ŸÀÚ¿¡°Ô µå·¯³»°í ½ÍÀº ¿å¸ÁÀÇ Ç¥ÇöÀ¸·Î Çؼ®µÈ´Ù. ¼öÆò¼±ÀÌ È°Ã³·³ ÈÖ¾îÁ® º¸ÀÌ´Â È¿°ú´Â ½Åºñ½º·´°í ÇÑÆíÀ¸·Î´Â ±× À̹ÌÁö°¡ ¸Å¿ì ¸íÈ®ÇÏ°Ô Ç¥ÇöµÇ¾îÀÖ´Ù.

 ¶ÇÇÑ, û¸íÇÑ Çϴÿ¡ ¸»¶óÀÖ´Â ³ª¹«¿Í ±¸¸§Àº ´ã´ãÇÏ°Ô °ü°´ÀÇ ½Ã¼±À» »ç·ÎÀâÀ¸¸ç, ±¸¸§ ¼Ó¿¡¼­ ¶Õ°í ³»·Á¿Â ºûÀÇ ¿ªµ¿ÀûÀÎ ¿ï¸²°ú ÆÄÀåÀº ÀÛ°¡ÀÇ ¿¹¼ú¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÇÁö¿¡ ´Ù¸§ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù.

Private Learning by ‘Corresponding’ to Nature

               
 Seok-won Kim (Visual Art Criticism, Ph.D)

“My interest is in a more thoughtful view of art and nature, making art both visible and invisible, using ideas, walking, stones, tracks, water, time, etc.”       - Richard Long

Correspond to the World beyond Materials

   In terms of etymology, natura is related to the idea of origin or birth in Greek and Latin. On the other hand, nature means
everything not made by men, so it is sometimes understood as a meaning opposite to civilization. British earth artist Richard Long awakens the fact that nature is not an object to be owned by men but a place they pass through by minimizing human intervention in it.

   He mostly exhibited to the public a work of drawing a circle or a line on the ground walking on the wasteland. It is impossible for men to claim ownership over nature.

The place men have passed walking on the ground always exists in the same place without change before or after the walking. I think that through these actions, men’s art forms are meditating the meaning of existences in nature and the world rather than making something and identifying with and ‘corresponding’ to objects.

   The objects serve as media for communication with photographers’ mental world.  All objects existing in the order of the nature are delivered to artists in a symbolic way.

This symbolic way of communication taking place this time is not an one-sided way but instead the artists’ hearts sympathize by corresponding to the objects outside. Psychologically, it may be explained internal ‘projection,’ but since here it is regarded
as an one-sided phenomenon from inside to outside, there is a lack of explanation as a symbolic communication.

   Carl Gustav Jung explains the phenomenon of human mind’s unconscious correspondence with a ‘principle of simultaneity.’ For example, you saw a butterfly in a dream yesterday and the next day, you see a butterfly flying in front in reality, or you sang a favorite song all day long and a friend whom you saw at an appointed place in the afternoon sings the same song. Like this, in the world of unconsciousness, the boundary of self is vague and you can communicate with the world of consciousness.  If you push on this logic, a state of your mind is reflected on the objects outside intactly.

   The action a photographer looks at nature and taking pictures of it is not a simple copying of the world, the material of the objects, but correspondence to things beyond the materials through the material world.

To exemplify with a photographer’s picture, the water of the sea photographed by her should not simply be described as H2O. It is flowing water, stagnant water, clean water, outcrying water, or still water. Yun-kyeong Oh meets and perceives the water through
imaginary intuitions. It may feel fear and peace.

   When she is looking at the wild waving sea, the sea in her mind reacts the same. The sea existing in the material world and the sea in the photographer’s mind are two but not in fact two. An image generated this time combines things seemingly looking separate areas apart from each other. In other words, the sea in the photographer’s mind is revealed as a material of art through the image. In this sense, photographic art is a work of materializing mind and representing it in a material order.

   If the audience likes a Yun-kyeong Oh's work, it is because there is ‘correspondence’ in the person who looks at the picture. This phenomenon takes place because their inside is reflected in an image selected by themselves. Consequently, through the image selected, in turn, they can see how their internal state is quietly.

   Yun-kyeong Oh's 'That Summer' series suggest an attempt to ‘correspond’ the scene of waving and the deserted flow of time with the subject matter of trees to the objects based on her personal experiences, and though existing actually, but she makes efforts to get out of the reality. In this phenomenon, the pictures may seem to aim at surrealism since they are away from the reality. However, in that Yun-kyeong Oh's photography is a reality away from the reality, but consequently is based on the reality, and uses a way of
manufacturing the images as if not manufacturing them, it is differentiated from surrealism.

This perspective appears also in her sea pictures, which express the boundary between the sky and the sea vaguely, so it delivers a story in the pictures even if seen upside down.   
   
   Complex emotions generated from the photographer’s inside are moved to their photographs in a cold, intense black and white tone. Through the expression of the waves looking like the waves of her emotions, we can see the journey in which she is looking
herself, and what is represented in the work are the images of life such as nature,  clouds and trees. It is understood as the images of life for her and her life coming from deep in her heart living the life given.

Especially, the pictures of conches, snails, pearl oysters and blue crabs taken in rising tide on the seashore are lonesome and
solitary but are interpreted as expressions of desire for revealing the inside to the others. The effect of the horizon looking bent like a bow is mysterious and on the other hand, its image is expressed very clearly.

In addition, the trees and the clouds dried on the clear sky calmly capture the eyes of  the audience, and the dynamic echo and wave of light penetrated through and came down from the clouds are nothing but the photographer’ will to art. 



 part. 1  ³ª¹«

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